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RCA

RCA — Root Cause Analysis

A structured methodology used to identify the underlying causes of failures, incidents or recurring problems.

Definition

Root Cause Analysis (RCA) is a systematic investigation process used to identify the fundamental causes of failures, incidents or recurring problems so that effective corrective actions can be implemented to prevent recurrence. RCA applies structured analytical techniques to distinguish underlying causes from symptoms and contributing factors, supporting continual improvement in reliability, safety and operational performance.

Why It Matters

Root Cause Analysis identifies the fundamental causes of failures and incidents to support effective corrective and preventive actions.

In Practice

Common Root Cause Analysis techniques include the 5 Whys, Fishbone (Ishikawa) Diagrams, Fault Tree Analysis, Cause Mapping and Apollo Root Cause Analysis, with the selected methodology depending on the complexity of the problem being investigated.

Common Misuse

Root Cause Analysis identifies the underlying causes of failures or incidents, whereas 8D Problem Solving provides a broader team-based methodology that incorporates root cause analysis as one stage of the overall problem-solving process.

Term Details
Synonyms:
RCA; Root Cause Analysis; Root Cause Investigation; Failure Investigation
Classification:
Reliability Engineering
Methodology
Advanced
Applications

Reliability Engineering; Continuous Improvement; Incident Investigation.

Where It's Used

Manufacturing.; Oil and gas.; Petrochemical.; Infrastructure.; Power generation.

References

IEC 62740; API RP 585

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